混凝土压力试验机

混凝土压力试验机是**混凝土力学检测仪器，智能仪表可换算压强值，自动换算每组试块的平均值，用于试验混凝土、砖、石、水泥、耐火砖等建筑材料的抗压强度。

The concrete pressure testing machine is a concrete mechanics testing instrument. The intelligent instrument can convert the pressure value and automatically convert the average value of each test block. It is used to test the compressive strength of concrete, brick, stone, cement, refractory brick and other building materials.

混凝土压力试验机技术参数：

★A大试验力：2000kN

★液压泵额定压力：40MPa

★示值相对误差：±1%

★承压板尺寸：250×220mm

★承压板间A大净距：320mm

★活塞A大行程：50mm

★测力范围：0-200kN

★测力值分辨率：0.01kN

★外形尺寸（长×宽×高）：890×370×1160mm

★净重：780kg

★装箱尺寸：1080×580×1360mm

Technical parameters of concrete pressure testing machine:

★ A large test force: 2000kN

★ Rated pressure of hydraulic pump: 40MPa

★ Relative error of displayed value: ± 1%

★ Pressure plate size: 250 × 220mm

★ A large clear distance between pressure plates: 320mm

★ Large stroke of piston A: 50mm

★ Measuring range: 0-200kN

★ Measurement force resolution: 0.01kN

★ Dimensions (length × width × height): 890 × 370 × 1160mm

★ Net weight: 780kg

★ Packing size: 1080 × 580 × 1360mm

混凝土压力试验机主要结构：

（一）结构：主要由以下三个部分组成：

★压力机机体部分

机架3为球墨铸铁的结实机架，机架上部装有螺母4、连接丝杆2，在丝杆末端有凸球座5及上承压板6，在试件受压时可以自动调整上承压板与试件受压面的接触吻合。根据试件大小，可以转动手轮1，调节丝杆至适当高度。

下承压板表面刻有定位线，便于试件放置于中间位置。下承压板7放于活塞8上，在下承压板下面装有防尘罩10，防止碎屑和杂物落入油缸11里面。当活塞受到油压上升时，推动下承压板向上顶压试件。

油缸11座落在机架的下部，在油缸的内壁上部嵌有复合密封圈9，防止在高压时活塞和油缸间的油液溢出，油液溢损**微。油缸后方左上侧有一溢油管，直接让油缸上面的溢油流回油箱，因此可以保持机器四周的洁净。

若作混凝土抗压试验时，建议用户可自制一斜斗，向后侧倾斜，以便清除碎块，为防止试件经常推移而磨损下承压板，建议可自制适合试件大小的垫板，但需热处理（硬度HRC55以上），用久磨蚀后，便于更换。

★液压控制系统

本压力试验机系统包括电动机及高压油泵、送油阀、回油阀、油箱等。油泵及电动机14通过联轴器相连，座于油箱13上，高压油直接进入送油阀16。当送油阀关闭时，油直接流回油箱，当送油阀打开，回油阀15关闭时，高压油进入油缸，并传至传感器，传感器将信号传至测力仪18。

★测力系统

本压力试验机系统由液压传感器、信号放大转换器、数据处理、打印机及控制操作面板、传动加载机构等组成

Main structure of concrete pressure testing machine

(I) Structure: It is mainly composed of the following three parts:

★ Press machine body part

The frame 3 is a sturdy frame made of ductile cast iron. The upper part of the frame is equipped with a nut 4, a connecting screw 2, and a convex ball seat 5 and an upper pressure plate 6 at the end of the screw. The contact between the pressure bearing plate and the compression surface of the test piece coincides. According to the size of the test piece, the hand wheel 1 can be turned to adjust the screw rod to an appropriate height.

Positioning lines are engraved on the surface of the lower pressure plate to facilitate the placement of the test piece in the middle position. The lower pressure bearing plate 7 is placed on the piston 8, and a dust cover 10 is installed under the lower pressure plate to prevent debris and debris from falling into the oil cylinder 11. When the piston receives oil pressure rise, push the lower pressure plate to press the test piece upward.

The oil cylinder 11 is located at the lower part of the frame, and a composite sealing ring 9 is embedded in the upper part of the inner wall of the oil cylinder to prevent oil from overflowing between the piston and the oil cylinder under high pressure, and the oil leakage is minimal. There is an oil pipe on the upper left side of the rear of the oil cylinder, which directly allows the oil spilled from the oil cylinder to flow back to the oil tank, so the surroundings of the machine can be kept clean.

In the case of concrete compression test, it is recommended that the user can make a self-made inclined bucket and tilt it to the back side to remove debris. However, it needs heat treatment (hardness HRC55 or higher), and it is easy to replace after a long time abrasion.

★ Hydraulic control system

The pressure testing machine system includes an electric motor and a high-pressure oil pump, an oil delivery valve, an oil return valve, and a fuel tank. The oil pump and the motor 14 are connected by a coupling, and are seated on the oil tank 13, and the high-pressure oil directly enters the oil delivery valve 16. When the oil delivery valve is closed, the oil flows directly back to the oil tank. When the oil delivery valve is opened and the oil return valve 15 is closed, the high-pressure oil enters the oil cylinder and passes to the sensor. The sensor transmits a signal to the dynamometer 18.

★ Force measuring system

The pressure tester system is composed of a hydraulic sensor, a signal amplifier converter, data processing, a printer, a control operation panel, and a transmission loading mechanism.

混凝土压力试验机主要功能：

本压力试验机能实现试验过程自动控制。自动锁定破型峰值，能打印试验结果，试验过程中能随时终止试验。能自动保存试验数据，掉电也可保存，共可以保存3000组数据（一组数据可为单块数据或3个数据），并能对保存的数据进行查询和打印。试验数据可靠，操作方便。

压力显示：五位数码显示压力kN（千牛顿）。试验过程中随压力实时显示，试验结束后破型峰值保持显示

加荷速度显示：四位数码显示加载速率kN/s（千牛顿/秒）

加载过程中，根据GB/T50081-2002的规则，对不同试件应控制的加荷速率的范围如下：

横截面积为100×100mm2的抗压试块

强度＜C30时为3.0~5.0kN/s

强度≥C30并＜C60时为5.0~8.0kN/s

强度≥C60时为8.0~10.0kN/s

横截面积为150×150mm2的抗压试块 ：

强度＜C30时为6.75~11.25kN/s

强度≥C30并＜C60时为11.25~18.00kN/s

强度≥C60时为18.00~22.50kN/s

横截面积为200×200mm2的抗压试块 ：

强度＜C30时为12.0~20.0kN/s

强度≥C30并＜C60时为20.0~32.0kN/s

强度≥C60时为32.0~40.0kN/s 

终止试验：试验过程中如果发现该次试验有问题可以按“停止”键取消试验，重新放入试件操作直至试件破裂。

打印内容：年、月、日、编号、峰值压力、峰值压强（可为单块或3块）、进行试验判据和结果。

数据存储：本压力试验机系统内存储的数据断电后仍然能够保留，恢复通电后能调取原存数据打印报告。本系统A大存储量是3000个测试单元，当你保存第3001个数据时，前面1500个数据被清除，其余的数据依然有效。，第1501到3000个数据自动移至前面1500个数据处，第3001个数据保存在第1501个。在做第3001个数据试验前，应将前面的1500个数据进行保存。若使用通讯软件还可以与微机通讯，将压力试验机内数据存档备查或通过连网由管理中间集中存储，以便质量监督微机化管理。本压力试验机系统数据表采用Microsoft Access软件，适用于远程的SQL server数据库进行数据的上传。通讯软件的使用详见随机附带的通讯协议光盘里的使用说明。

Main functions of concrete pressure testing machine:

The pressure tester can realize automatic control of the test process. Automatically break the broken peak, print the test results, and terminate the test at any time during the test. It can save test data automatically, even when power is off. It can save a total of 3000 sets of data (a set of data can be a single block of data or 3 data), and can query and print the saved data. The test data is reliable and easy to operate.

Pressure display: Five-digit digital display pressure kN (thousand Newtons). The pressure is displayed in real time during the test, and the breaking peak value is displayed after the test.

Loading speed display: four-digit digital display loading rate kN / s (kN / s)

During the loading process, according to the rules of GB / T50081-2002, the range of loading rates that should be controlled for different specimens is as follows:

Compression test block with a cross-sectional area of 100 × 100mm2

3.0 ~ 5.0kN / s when the strength is less than C30

5.0 ~ 8.0kN / s for strength ≥C30 and

8.0 ~ 10.0kN / s at strength ≥C60

Compression test block with a cross-sectional area of 150 × 150mm2:

When the strength is less than C30, it is 6.75 ~ 11.25kN / s

11.25 ~ 18.00kN / s for strength ≥C30 and

18.00 ~ 22.50kN / s at strength ≥C60

Compression test block with a cross-sectional area of 200 × 200mm2:

12.0 ~ 20.0kN / s when the strength is less than C30

20.0 ~ 32.0kN / s when strength ≥C30 and

32.0 ~ 40.0kN / s when strength ≥C60

Terminate the test: If you find that there is something wrong with the test during the test, you can press the "Stop" key to cancel the test and re-insert the test piece until the test piece breaks.

Print content: year, month, day, number, peak pressure, peak pressure (can be single block or 3 blocks), test criteria and results.

Data storage: The data stored in the pressure tester system can be retained after power failure, and the original data can be retrieved and printed after the power is restored. The large storage capacity of this system A is 3000 test units. When you save the 3001st data, the previous 1500 data is cleared, and the rest of the data is still valid. The 1501 to 3000 data are automatically moved to the previous 1500 data, and the 3001 data is stored in the 1501 data. Before doing the 3001th data test, the previous 1500 data should be saved. If the communication software is used, it can also communicate with the microcomputer, and archive the data in the pressure test machine for future reference or store it centrally through the management through the network to facilitate the microcomputer management of quality supervision. This pressure tester system data table uses Microsoft Access software, which is suitable for remote SQL server database for data upload. For the use of communication software, please refer to the instruction manual in the communication protocol CD-ROM provided with the camera.

混凝土压力试验机安装及调试：

★安装

将压力试验机拆箱后，机体上有一个用尼龙塞盖上的吊装螺纹孔，掀开尼龙塞，将随机带的一只M20的吊装螺钉旋进螺纹孔，用起吊机械吊至预置的地方。（搬运时，注意机器突出部分）为了操作方便，机器应放置在预制720mmx600mm高出地面300mm的水泥基础上（见图二）。机器调至水平安装后，应用干净和浸过煤油的棉纱，擦净机器上加工表面所涂的防锈剂，然后表面擦干净并涂薄薄一层机械油。

Installation and commissioning of concrete pressure testing machine:

★ Installation

After unpacking the pressure testing machine, there is a lifting screw hole on the body with a nylon plug cover. Open the nylon plug, screw a random M20 lifting screw into the screw hole, and use the lifting machine to lift to the preset local. (When handling, pay attention to the protruding part of the machine.) For easy operation, the machine should be placed on a prefabricated 720mmx600mm cement base 300mm above the ground (see Figure 2). After the machine is leveled and installed, apply clean and kerosene-soaked cotton yarn, wipe off the rust inhibitor applied on the machined surface of the machine, then wipe the surface clean and apply a thin layer of mechanical oil.

混凝土压力试验机调试：

本调试内容仅包括操作前的准备工作，其它内容详见注意事项一节。

（1）注油

用螺丝刀拧开后盖板上固定螺钉并取下后盖板，向油箱盖板上φ40mm孔位置注入适量液压油；

注油量以达到油标中部位置为宜；

注油完毕后盖上后盖板。

注意：

当环境温度为15±5℃时，用GB443-84N68机械油

当环境温度为25±5℃时，用GB443-84N100机械油

（2）电气联接

把随机电源插头插在相应插座上。电源为380V 50Hz 。

（3）启动油泵排气

将回油阀（15）打开，送油阀（16）打开。旋转电源开关，接通机器电源（红色指示灯亮）显示建仪画面，2秒钟后显示测试画面。按下“启动”键，启动电机，油泵开始工作，持续工作约一分钟后关闭回油阀，此时可发现下压板缓慢上升，在下压板上升到约20mm时，关闭送油阀并打开回油阀，此时下压板处于回落状态。重复以上步骤3~4次可完全排除系统内气体。

Commissioning of concrete pressure testing machine

This debugging content only includes preparations before operation. For other contents, please refer to the precautions section.

(1) Oil injection

Use a screwdriver to unscrew the fixing screws on the rear cover and remove the rear cover, and inject an appropriate amount of hydraulic oil into the φ40mm hole position on the fuel tank cover;

It is advisable to fill the oil in the middle of the oil mark;

Close the rear cover after filling.

note:

When the ambient temperature is 15 ± 5 ℃, use GB443-84N68 mechanical oil

When the ambient temperature is 25 ± 5 ℃, use GB443-84N100 mechanical oil

(2) Electrical connection

Plug the supplied power plug into the corresponding socket. The power is 380V 50Hz.

(3) Start the oil pump exhaust

Open the oil return valve (15) and the oil supply valve (16). Rotate the power switch to turn on the machine (the red indicator light is on) to display the instrumentation screen, and then display the test screen after 2 seconds. Press the "Start" key to start the motor, the oil pump starts to work, and close the oil return valve after about one minute of continuous operation. At this time, you can find that the lower pressure plate rises slowly. When the lower pressure plate rises to about 20mm, close the oil supply valve and open the oil return Valve, at this time the lower platen is in a falling state. Repeat the above steps 3 ~ 4 times to completely eliminate the gas in the system.

混凝土压力试验机的注意事项：本注意事项内容包括使用、维护、检验中的有关内容。

1、使用时电源电压必须准确无误；

2、传感器与主机连接的电缆不得有中间接头，如遇破损需更换电缆，并且接线准确无误；

3、使用时必须按说明书规定程序操作。

4、操作中严禁下压力板（7）超过活塞规定行程。

5、在经过长时间工作后密封圈可能会失效而导致油缸严重渗油，此时应遵循以下方法更换密封圈。

（1）移出下压力板及防尘罩；

（2）用2只M12吊环螺钉吊出活塞后拆出油缸内壁密封圈、环；

（3）装换上新的密封圈、环，并小心放入活塞，盖上承压板，在不使用时始终保持其外表光滑、洁净，不得碰伤，刮毛和堆积杂质。

6、压力试验机外壳必须安全接地，试验机机架后侧有接地螺钉。

7、标定由计量部门进行，用户不得随意操作。

8、压力试验机不能与一个大功率电器设备共用一个电源插座。

9、压力试验机应置于干净处，防止灰尘侵入，并在温度为10~35℃，湿度≤80％的工作环境中使用。

10、试验结束，传感器应处于脱离载荷状态， 以保护传感器。 试验中执行打印时，若是打印纸用完，换上新的打印纸，按开关SEL键，再按LF键，打印机会自动进纸。

11、请不要私自拆卸仪器。

Precautions for concrete pressure testing machine: The contents of this precaution include relevant contents in use, maintenance and inspection.

1. The power supply voltage must be accurate when used;

2. The cable connecting the sensor to the host must not have an intermediate connector. If it is damaged, the cable must be replaced and the wiring is accurate;

3. It must be operated in accordance with the procedures specified in the instruction manual.

4. It is strictly forbidden to lower the pressure plate (7) in excess of the specified stroke of the piston during operation.

5. After a long period of work, the sealing ring may fail and cause serious oil leakage in the cylinder. At this time, the following method should be used to replace the sealing ring.

(1) Remove the lower pressure plate and dust cover;

(2) Remove the seal ring and ring on the inner wall of the cylinder after lifting the piston with two M12 eye bolts

(3) Install new sealing rings and rings, and put them into the piston carefully, cover the pressure bearing plate, and keep their appearance smooth and clean when not in use, and do not bump, scrape or deposit impurities.

6. The shell of the pressure testing machine must be safely grounded. There are grounding screws on the back of the testing machine frame.

7. Calibration is performed by the metrology department, and users must not operate at will.

8. The pressure tester cannot share a power socket with a high-power electrical equipment.

9. The pressure tester should be placed in a clean place to prevent dust intrusion and used in a working environment where the temperature is 10 ~ 35 ° C and the humidity is ≤80%.

10. At the end of the test, the sensor should be out of load to protect the sensor. When printing is performed during the test, if the printing paper runs out, replace it with new printing paper, press the switch SEL key, and then press the LF key, the printer will automatically feed the paper.

11. Please do not disassemble the instrument without permission.